Dr. Uzma Khatoon

When we think about the environment, it’s easy to forget how deeply our faiths and beliefs are connected to the natural world. In Islam, the Earth is often described as sacred, almost like a mosque—a place that deserves respect and care. This idea isn’t just symbolic; it’s a reminder that we must treat the planet with kindness and preserve its beauty. Islam has always emphasized a balanced relationship between humans and nature.

Muslims can play their role in addressing pressing ecological issues while fulfilling their religious obligations. This holistic approach to environmental protection, rooted in faith and expressed through action, offers a powerful pathway to a more sustainable future for all

Abdul-Matin identifies six core Islamic principles that guide Muslims in their relationship with the environment: Tawhid - the oneness of Allah is one such principle. This concept doesn’t just mean that Allah is one; it also reflects how everything in the universe is interconnected. When we harm nature, we’re disrupting this unity.

The Quran often refers to nature as Ayat—signs of Allah’s greatness. Every tree, river, mountain, and even the smallest creature is a reflection of His creation. So, when we neglect or abuse these signs, it’s like ignoring a gift from Allah.

Another important principle in Islam is stewardship, known as Khilafah. This means humans are caretakers of the Earth. We’re not owners; we’re guardians entrusted with its care. It’s a big responsibility because this trust (Amana) comes with accountability. How the resources—water, food, or energy— are used matters not just for us, but for future generations.

Justice (Adl) also plays a big role here. Islam teaches us to be fair in everything we do, including how we treat the environment and those affected by environmental harm. One of my favourite concepts in Islam about nature is Mizan, or balance. The Quran talks about how everything in creation is perfectly balanced and asks us not to disrupt harmony.

When we overconsume, pollute, or exploit resources, we are breaking this balance. And when that happens, both nature and humanity suffer. Climate change, deforestation, and water scarcity are all examples of what happens when we forget this principle. What I find inspiring is how Islam connects caring for the environment with worship. Simple acts like conserving water while performing ablution (wudu), planting trees, or even being mindful of waste are seen as acts of devotion.

Prophet Muhammad set many examples for us in this regard. He once said that planting a tree is like an ongoing charity (sadaqah jariyah). Imagine—every time a bird rests on that tree or someone benefits from its shade or fruits, you earn rewards. The Prophet also taught us to avoid wastefulness in every aspect of life. He famously advised against wasting water even if you’re performing ablution by a flowing river! That’s such a powerful reminder of how every drop matters.

He was strict about avoiding harm to the environment. For instance, he warned against cutting down trees unnecessarily or polluting water sources.

These teachings aren’t just historical anecdotes; they’re incredibly relevant today. Look around—the world is facing serious environmental challenges like climate change, pollution, and resource depletion. However, Islamic principles offer practical solutions that can guide us toward sustainability. For example, many mosques around the world are adopting eco-friendly practices like using solar panels for energy or conserving water during ablution. Some communities have started urban gardens inspired by the Prophet’s encouragement to plant trees as an act of charity. These gardens not only provide fresh produce but also bring people together and raise awareness about sustainable living.

Water conservation is another area where Islamic teachings shine through. Campaigns are encouraging Muslims to use less water during ablution and efforts to clean polluted water sources in various regions. Renewable energy projects are also gaining momentum in Muslim communities as people realize the need to shift away from fossil fuels toward cleaner alternatives like solar and wind energy. What stands out to me is how Islam emphasizes justice (Adl). Environmental degradation often hits marginalized communities the hardest—those who have the least resources to adapt or recover from disasters like floods or droughts.

Indian Muslims can actively participate in various initiatives launched by the government as these align with Islamic principles of environmental stewardship. The National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) aims to reduce air pollution in 132 cities; here Muslims can contribute by adopting cleaner transportation methods.

The National Mission for Green India (GIM) focuses on increasing forest cover and provides opportunities for Muslims to engage in tree-planting activities. The Swachh Bharat Mission promotes cleanliness and proper waste management, resonating with Islamic principles of cleanliness.

Indian Muslims can also participate in the National River Conservation Plan, reflecting the Islamic emphasis on water preservation. The Green Skill Development Programme (GSDP) offers training in environmental fields, enabling Muslims to develop careers in environmental protection.

At the local level, Muslims can join community-led initiatives like the "Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam", which aims to plant 140 crore trees by March 2025. By engaging in these programs, Muslims can demonstrate their commitment to environmental protection while fulfilling their religious obligations as stewards of the Earth.

Many organizations are working to teach Muslims how their faith aligns with environmental activism. Books like Green Deen have become popular resources for understanding this connection better. At its core, Islam’s approach to environmental protection isn’t just about following rules; it’s about seeing ourselves as part of something bigger than us.

It’s about recognizing that every human action impacts the environment and that everyone has to be mindful of it. What makes these teachings so powerful is their simplicity and practicality. You don’t need advanced technology or big budgets to start making a difference. Small actions like reducing waste at home, planting a tree in your neighborhood, or even just being mindful of water usage, can add up over time

Islam combines spirituality with practical action on environmental protection. It reminds us that caring for the planet isn’t just an obligation, it’s an opportunity to connect with Allah. Whether it’s through conserving resources, advocating for justice, or simply appreciating the beauty of nature around us, every effort counts. 

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This version avoids sounding like it was taken from a book by making it more conversational and reflective while still including all key points from your original text. It reads more like personal thoughts and observations rather than academic writing or direct quotations from religious texts.

Dr. Uzma Khatoon has taught at the Aligarh Muslim University